Uses of  is/ am/ are/ was/ were/ has/ have/ had/ has been/ had been/ have been | Helping verbs

Helping Verbs:

Uses of  is/ am/ are/ was/ were/ has/ have/ had/ has been/ had been/ have been

First of all, we have to understand the concept of (BE).

(BE) In Urdu means (ہونا).

For example:

خوش ہونا OR ناراض ہونا .

We use (BE) to present or to show quality or to show state or what happened

Note:

Now for the Present we use:

                                                   IS as a singular and ARE as plural and every time when AM comes so we use (I) as well.

      While for past:

                               WAS as a singular and WERE as a plural.

For example:

If we do not use the helping verb so the sentence would be…

• I be happy****

And of course, it is wrong. Now in order to write the correct sentence, we have to use the helping verb.

For example:

• I am very happy

• Who is this?

• Both of them are in the room

Now starting from the very 1st helping verb…

is/ am/ are/

We use these to show state OR existence.

For Example:

• He is sad

• You are a doctor

• We are your friends

For present continuous we use

• She is reading her lesson

• What are you reading?

For Passive voice we use

• Roshni is taught by her mother

• We are supported by you

Was/ were/

We also use these to show state or existence but in past…

Note:

         WAS is used in 1st person and 3rd person singular (I, HE, SHE, IT) while WERE is use the second person singular and plural (YOU, YOUR, YOURS).

For example:

• He was sad

• You were a doctor

• We were your friends

for continuous we use

• She was reading her lesson

• What were you reading?

For passive voice we use

• Roshni was taught by her mother

• We were supported by you

Conditional sentences

Conditional sentences means Unreal` or (جھوٹ) in Urdu 

Structure:

                        If + sub + was/were + object

Note:

We use (were) for impossible things.

We use (was) for possible things.

Example:

• If I were a rich man, I would make more charity.
• If he were right now, he would help us.
• If I was rude to you, I apologize

Has/ have/ had

                                 1)  (Auxiliary verb) or (helping verb)

We use these to show possession or ownership (ملکانہ حق) à in Urdu

Structure:

                                    Sub + has/ have/ had + object

 Note:

                         (For past we use had & for the present we use has/have)

          For example:

• I have a car.
• She has 2 brothers.

                                2) To Show perfect tense

 We also use these to Show the complete work (present or past)

       Example:

• I have done my work.
• You had met him.

                                   3) Perfect continuous tense (Using 1st form)

 To Show (has been/had been)

       Example:

•  She has been working for 2 hours.
• She had been working for 2 hours

                                  4) Passive voice     using 3^rd form

        Example:

• He has been arrested
• He had been arrested

Conditional sentences

      Structure:

                       If + sub + had + V3

     Example:

• If you had come to me, I would have helped you.
• If she had worked hard, she would have got passed.
• (Had) I known you were waiting outside, I would have fruited you to come in.